The Local Bifurcation of Food web Prey-Predator Model involving fear and anti-Predator behavior

The Local Bifurcation of Food web Prey-Predator Model involving fear and anti-Predator behavior

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In this paper, the conditions under which the occurrence of the local bifurcation (such as saddle-node (SN), transcritical (TC), and pitchfork (PT)) of all stable points of a food web model have been investigated.Fear and anti-predator responses involving the Holling-type IV and Growly-Martin functional responses have been found.It has been att nighthawk hotspot shown that there are transcritical and pitchfork bifurcations near H3, H4, and H6 pet calming peanut butter as well as a saddle-node bifurcation close to the positive equilibrium point.In addition, there is a saddle-node bifurcation in close to the positive equilibrium point.

These divergences have materialised into existence.In conclusion, To prove that the analytical results are correct, a numerical simulation of a set of parameters and starting conditions has been used.